A significant challenge faced by the Real Estate segment is the effective monitoring of properties and conditions within building structures through the construction lifecycle. Traditional methods of concrete strength testing, such as cube or cylinder testing, are laborious, time-intensive, and provide sporadic data, leading to variability and potential inefficiencies in decision-making.

The segment has embarked on a transformative journey by introducing cutting-edge concrete sensor technology. By embedding state-of-the-art sensors directly into concrete structures, we are pioneering a new era of construction management. The sensors enable the real-time monitoring of concrete maturity is a key indicator of in-place strength development.

Unlike traditional methods that rely on labour-intensive cube or cylinder testing, this approach leverages the principle of concrete hydration temperature history to estimate real-time strength accurately.

The adoption of wireless sensors presents several distinct advantages. These are,

• Data is continuously logged and retrieved in real-time, eliminating the variability associated with intermittent cube or cylinder testing. This consistency ensures more reliable results and enables proactive decision-making during construction.

• The maturity method provides a predictive insight into the actual in-place strength of concrete, offering invaluable benefits for optimising concrete mixes and reducing construction cycle times.

With sufficient data from these sensors, we can refine concrete compositions, optimise costs, and streamline project timelines based on real-time strength assessments. To validate the efficacy of the sensor technology, we also conduct comparative studies by placing maturity sensors alongside traditional cube or cylinder testing. This approach provides tangible evidence of sensor accuracy and reliability, enhancing confidence in our innovative methods.

The Pulp and Paper segment faces challenges in managing high Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) wastewater effectively leading to environmental concerns and resource wastage. Conventional wastewater treatment methods often fall short in addressing these issues, resulting in increased operational costs and environmental impact.

An innovative green technology, utilising the Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) process, has been introduced to convert high COD wastewater into valuable biogas, primarily composed of methane. This biogas is further upgraded into Compressed Methane Gas (CMG) through Caustic and Water Scrubbing processes, making it suitable for use as a substitute for Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) in tissue paper plants.

Wastewater Treatment using Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) Process:

• The high COD wastewater from the Pulp and Paper segment is treated using the UASB process.

• In this anaerobic treatment method, wastewater flows upwards through a bed of anaerobic sludge where microorganisms break down organic pollutants, converting them into biogas.

• Methane (CH4) is the primary component of the biogas produced in this process.

Biogas Upgradation to Compressed Methane Gas (CMG):

• The biogas obtained from the UASB process is upgraded to CMG with a methane concentration of 95%.

• This upgradation is achieved through Caustic and Water Scrubbing:

Caustic Scrubbing:

The biogas is passed through a caustic solution (sodium hydroxide) to remove acidic gases like CO₂ and H2S.

Water Scrubbing:

Further purification is done by passing the gas through water to remove remaining impurities and moisture.

Utilisation of CMG:

The purified CMG, now predominantly methane, is then suitable for use as a replacement for Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) in tissue paper manufacturing processes within the plant.

CMG serves as a clean and sustainable energy source, reducing dependence on conventional fossil fuels like LPG and contributing to environmental sustainability.